bcachefs: bucket_gens btree

bcachefs: bucket_gens btree

To improve mount times, add a btree for just bucket gens, 256 of them
per key: this means we'll have to scan drastically less metadata at
startup.

This adds
 - trigger for keeping it in sync with the all btree
 - initialization code, for filesystems from previous versions
 - new path for reading bucket gens
 - new fsck code

And a new on disk format version.

Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>