* initialize the chips on M-Audio cards
  */
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_audiophile = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_audiophile = {
        .type = SND_AK4528,
        .num_adcs = 2,
        .num_dacs = 2,
        .mask_flags = 0,
 };
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_delta410 = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_delta410 = {
        .type = SND_AK4529,
        .num_adcs = 2,
        .num_dacs = 8,
        .mask_flags = 0,
 };
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_delta1010lt = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_delta1010lt = {
        .type = SND_AK4524,
        .num_adcs = 8,
        .num_dacs = 8,
        .mask_flags = 0,
 };
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_delta66e = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_delta66e = {
        .type = SND_AK4524,
        .num_adcs = 4,
        .num_dacs = 4,
 };
 
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_delta44 = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_delta44 = {
        .type = SND_AK4524,
        .num_adcs = 4,
        .num_dacs = 4,
        .mask_flags = 0,
 };
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_vx442 = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_vx442 = {
        .type = SND_AK4524,
        .num_adcs = 4,
        .num_dacs = 4,
 
 
 /*
  */
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_ews88mt = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_ews88mt = {
        .num_adcs = 8,
        .num_dacs = 8,
        .type = SND_AK4524,
        .mask_flags = 0,
 };
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_ewx2496 = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_ewx2496 = {
        .num_adcs = 2,
        .num_dacs = 2,
        .type = SND_AK4524,
        .mask_flags = 0,
 };
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_6fire = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_6fire = {
        .num_adcs = 6,
        .num_dacs = 6,
        .type = SND_AK4524,
 
 static int snd_ice1712_value_init(struct snd_ice1712 *ice)
 {
        /* Hoontech STDSP24 with modified hardware */
-       static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_stdsp24_mv = {
+       static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_stdsp24_mv = {
                .num_adcs = 2,
                .num_dacs = 2,
                .type = SND_AK4524,
 
 };
 
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_juli_dac = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_juli_dac = {
        .type = SND_AK4358,
        .num_dacs = 8,  /* DAC1 - analog out
                           DAC2 - analog in monitor
 
 #define WM_VOL_MAX     (sizeof(wm_vol) - 1)
 #define WM_VOL_MUTE    0x8000
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_phase22 = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_phase22 = {
        .type = SND_AK4524,
        .num_dacs = 2,
        .num_adcs = 2,
 
        AK_CONTROL(PCM_34_CAPTURE_VOLUME, 2),
 };
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_qtet_dac = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_qtet_dac = {
        .type = SND_AK4620,
        .num_dacs = 4,  /* DAC1 - Output 12
        */
 
        },
 };
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_revo_front = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_revo_front = {
        .type = SND_AK4381,
        .num_dacs = 2,
        .ops = {
        .mask_flags = 0,
 };
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_revo_surround = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_revo_surround = {
        .type = SND_AK4355,
        .idx_offset = 1,
        .num_dacs = 6,
        .mask_flags = 0,
 };
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_revo51 = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_revo51 = {
        .type = SND_AK4358,
        .num_dacs = 8,
        .ops = {
        .mask_flags = 0,
 };
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_revo51_adc = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_revo51_adc = {
        .type = SND_AK5365,
        .num_adcs = 2,
        .adc_info = revo51_adc,
        AK_DAC("PCM Playback Volume", 2)
 };
 
-static struct snd_akm4xxx akm_ap192 = {
+static const struct snd_akm4xxx akm_ap192 = {
        .type = SND_AK4358,
        .num_dacs = 2,
        .ops = {