Validate private use language tags

Fixes #9119

resources: Add timeout to the HTTP request in Get

Workaround for https://github.com/golang/go/issues/49366

Add a remote retry for resources.Get

Make resources.Get use a file cache for remote resources

Closes #9228

Remove empty href element from pagination template

Closes #9149

Check for empty deployment targets and matchers

Fixes #9220

resources: Adjust the remote Get cache so it does not get evicted on restarts

We fill improve this, soon.

Add remote support to resources.Get

Closes #5255
Supports #9044

Add deprecation warning to google_news template

Closes #9172

helpers: Make UniqueStringsReuse allocation free

This should be faster for all of our use cases (small string slices), but more important, it makes UniqueStringsReuse allocation free.

```bash
name                                 old time/op    new time/op    delta
UniqueStrings/Safe-16                   776ns ± 0%     305ns ± 0%   -60.68%  (p=0.029 n=4+4)
UniqueStrings/Reuse_slice-16            621ns ± 3%     174ns ± 0%   -72.01%  (p=0.029 n=4+4)
UniqueStrings/Reuse_slice_sorted-16     319ns ± 4%     313ns ± 0%    -2.01%  (p=0.029 n=4+4)

name                                 old alloc/op   new alloc/op   delta
UniqueStrings/Safe-16                    224B ± 0%      128B ± 0%   -42.86%  (p=0.029 n=4+4)
UniqueStrings/Reuse_slice-16            96.0B ± 0%      0.0B       -100.00%  (p=0.029 n=4+4)
UniqueStrings/Reuse_slice_sorted-16     24.0B ± 0%     24.0B ± 0%      ~     (all equal)

name                                 old allocs/op  new allocs/op  delta
UniqueStrings/Safe-16                    7.00 ± 0%      1.00 ± 0%   -85.71%  (p=0.029 n=4+4)
UniqueStrings/Reuse_slice-16             6.00 ± 0%      0.00       -100.00%  (p=0.029 n=4+4)
UniqueStrings/Reuse_slice_sorted-16      1.00 ± 0%      1.00 ± 0%      ~     (all equal)
```

releaser: Prepare repository for 0.90.0-DEV

[ci skip]

releaser: Add release notes to /docs for release of 0.89.4

[ci skip]

releaser: Bump versions for release of 0.89.4

[ci skip]

releaser: Add release notes for 0.89.4
[ci skip]

Fix content dir resolution when main project is a Hugo Module

Fixes #9177

releaser: Prepare repository for 0.90.0-DEV

[ci skip]

releaser: Add release notes to /docs for release of 0.89.3

[ci skip]

releaser: Bump versions for release of 0.89.3

[ci skip]

releaser: Add release notes for 0.89.3
[ci skip]

Improve error when we cannot determine content directory in "hugo new"

See #9166

deps: Upgrade github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.4.3 => v1.4.4

Fixes #9159

commands: Make sure pollInterval is always set

Fixes #9165

create: Improve archetype directory discovery and tests

Updates #9146

create: Add a log statement when archetype is a directory

See #9157

create: Always print "Content ... created"

This indeliberately changed to INFO level in Hugo 0.89.0.

Fixes #9157

commands: Fix missing file locking in server partial render

Fixes #9162

modules: Improve error message

releaser: Prepare repository for 0.90.0-DEV

[ci skip]

releaser: Add release notes to /docs for release of 0.89.2

[ci skip]

releaser: Bump versions for release of 0.89.2

[ci skip]

releaser: Add release notes for 0.89.2
[ci skip]

Fix path resolution in hugo new

With theme and project with content directories and command on the form `hugo new posts/test.md`.

Fixes #9129

deps: Upgrade github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.4.2 => v1.4.3

Fixes #9137

releaser: Prepare repository for 0.90.0-DEV

[ci skip]

releaser: Add release notes to /docs for release of 0.89.1

[ci skip]

releaser: Bump versions for release of 0.89.1

[ci skip]

releaser: Add release notes for 0.89.1
[ci skip]

Revert "releaser: Fat MacOS binaries"

This had some side effect that I'm not prepared to fix today ...

This reverts commit 3a977485eb7d5f913da5cc10ef58715ffd273613.

Updates #9131
Updates #9128

create: Make sure the build lock is released before we open editor

Fixes #9121

readme: Update dependency list

releaser: Prepare repository for 0.90.0-DEV

[ci skip]

releaser: Add release notes to /docs for release of 0.89.0

[ci skip]

releaser: Bump versions for release of 0.89.0

[ci skip]

releaser: Add release notes for 0.89.0

docs: Regen CLI docs

source: Make ContentBaseName() return the directory for branch bundles

Fixes #9112

Fix description of lang.FormatNumberCustom

It currently refers to itself as a simple alternative, when it should
refer to lang.FormatNumber.

Update Twitter shortcode oEmbed endpoint

The existing endpoint will be retired and removed on November 23, 2021.
References:

- https://twittercommunity.com/t/consolidating-the-oembed-functionality/154690
- https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/twitter-for-websites/oembed-api#Embedded

This is a backward compatible change.

The existing endpoint requires a single parameter: the id of the tweet.

The new endpoint requires two parameters: the id of the tweet, and the
user with whom it is associated. For the moment, if you supply the wrong
user, the request will be redirected (with a small delay) to the correct
user/id pair. This behavior is undocumented, but we will take advantage
of it as Hugo site authors transition to the new syntax.

{{< tweet 1453110110599868418 >}} --> works, throws warning, deprecate at some point

{{< tweet user="SanDiegoZoo" id="1453110110599868418" >}} --> new syntax

Fixes #8130

common/htime: Fix time.Format with Go layouts

Fixes #9107

build(deps): bump github.com/evanw/esbuild from 0.13.10 to 0.13.12

Bumps [github.com/evanw/esbuild](https://github.com/evanw/esbuild) from 0.13.10 to 0.13.12.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/evanw/esbuild/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/evanw/esbuild/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/evanw/esbuild/compare/v0.13.10...v0.13.12)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/evanw/esbuild
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

build(deps): bump github.com/yuin/goldmark from 1.4.1 to 1.4.2

Bumps [github.com/yuin/goldmark](https://github.com/yuin/goldmark) from 1.4.1 to 1.4.2.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/yuin/goldmark/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/yuin/goldmark/compare/v1.4.1...v1.4.2)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/yuin/goldmark
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

Merge commit 'aa5ac36a3eb68b86c803caec703869efefc8447e'

Squashed 'docs/' changes from 327003421..39a7fac34

39a7fac34 Add .hugo_build.lock to .gitignore
920c716a4 fix a typo: to -> two (#1545)
6f0ba9593 Remove godocref from front matter (#1543)
8ec3d5948 remove link to wercker (#1544)
b56008719 Delete deployment-with-wercker.md (#1542)
e33d29b02 Fix broken links (#1538)
29e9d4c21 Sort commenting systems (#1541)
0b7ea60a7 Delete the news page "HTTP/2 Server Push in Hugo"
6e1515857 Fix quick-start.md (#1525)
62168ab35 Update comments.md (#1535)
d92191512 Small typo (#1539)
129c8834a Correct the PostCSS noMap default value (#1534)
6a5b29fcc Add example to index function (#1536)
e3dd8c507 Update output-formats.md
0c9321ca0 Remove reference to using LiveReload in production environment
4072d6776 Mod testing
09fabf7d6 Fix typo (#1524)
2fce813c8 Fix grammatical error in quick-start.md (#1523)
45230ab4a Hugo Mod testing
2dd4cd9e7 Update index.md
2c3ed62fd netlify: Bump to 0.88.1
648e2a007 Merge branch 'tempv0.88.1'
f216eade1 releaser: Add release notes to /docs for release of 0.88.1
8a7b64d4b Fix typographical errors in 0.88.0 release notes
a4bf86300 Release 0.88
738bb8f38 releaser: Add release notes to /docs for release of 0.88.0
8fcf2c55d highlight: Remove some pygments references
f2b173de2 HTTPS link
c88881c8e Adding link to nginx documentation
6b0a74fe0 Fix typos in docs (#1516)
498b8f0f1 Fix typos in time.Format (#1515)
28723fad6 Fix taxonomy and term examples (#1514)
3ffd00e12 Update front-matter.md
7cc1da82e Fix grammar in 0.86.1 release notes (#1510)
0009c51c3 Update docs helper
7e2f430f4 Update index.md
7857eae7e releaser: Add release notes to /docs for release of 0.87.0
1f08b684b releaser: Add release notes to /docs for release of 0.87.0
36a9e701c docs: Adjust config docs
0f588438e docs: Regen CLI docs
1b4682cd8 docs: Regen docs helper
bc8bbaae9 Merge commit 'bd77f6e1c99e04a476f0b1bb4e44569134e02399' into release-0.87.0
6f2480643 docs: Adjust time zone docs

git-subtree-dir: docs
git-subtree-split: 39a7fac343c289906db644c96079fdcc0298582f

releaser: Fat MacOS binaries

Fixes #9035

releaser: Only build amd64 binary for freebsd, netbsd, openbsd, dragonfly

Fixes #9102

tpl/time: Use configured location when date passed to Format is string

Updates #9084

build(deps): bump github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go from 1.40.8 to 1.41.14

Bumps [github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go](https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go) from 1.40.8 to 1.41.14.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/compare/v1.40.8...v1.41.14)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

build(deps): bump github.com/getkin/kin-openapi from 0.79.0 to 0.80.0

Bumps [github.com/getkin/kin-openapi](https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi) from 0.79.0 to 0.80.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/compare/v0.79.0...v0.80.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/getkin/kin-openapi
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

build(deps): bump github.com/evanw/esbuild from 0.13.8 to 0.13.10

Bumps [github.com/evanw/esbuild](https://github.com/evanw/esbuild) from 0.13.8 to 0.13.10.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/evanw/esbuild/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/evanw/esbuild/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/evanw/esbuild/compare/v0.13.8...v0.13.10)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/evanw/esbuild
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

resources: Rename excepted filenames for image golden testdata

As documented in commit 30eea3915b67f72611a3b2f4547146d4c6a96864,
some filenames have changed due to cache busting of PNG and Webp images.

This resolves recent TestImageOperationsGolden failure on arm64, ppc64le
and s390x.

See #6387 and #8729

build(deps): bump github.com/frankban/quicktest from 1.13.1 to 1.14.0

Bumps [github.com/frankban/quicktest](https://github.com/frankban/quicktest) from 1.13.1 to 1.14.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/frankban/quicktest/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/frankban/quicktest/compare/v1.13.1...v1.14.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/frankban/quicktest
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

Fix typo in error message

create: Validate the target path in hugo new

Fixes #9072

Fix panic when specifying multiple excludeFiles directives

Fixes #9076

htime: Set zone of datetime from from `go-toml`

`go-toml/v2`'s unmarshaler does not specify zone name even if value has
offset explicitly.
To make time-formatting behaviour consistent, convert them into string
in hugo.

Close #8895

Added nodesource apt repository to snap package

config: Set HUGO_ENABLEGITINFO=false override in Set_in_string

This allows TestLoadConfigWithOsEnvOverrides/Set_in_string to PASS
even if there is no .git directory, e.g. during Debian package build.

hugofs: Add includeFiles and excludeFiles to mount configuration

Fixes #9042

build(deps): bump github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure from 1.4.1 to 1.4.2

Bumps [github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure](https://github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure) from 1.4.1 to 1.4.2.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure/compare/v1.4.1...v1.4.2)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

resources: Always preserve the original transform error

readme: Add hyperlink to the banner

build(deps): bump github.com/getkin/kin-openapi from 0.78.0 to 0.79.0

Bumps [github.com/getkin/kin-openapi](https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi) from 0.78.0 to 0.79.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/compare/v0.78.0...v0.79.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/getkin/kin-openapi
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

deps: github.com/evanw/esbuild v0.13.5 => v0.13.8

create: Return error on no content dirs

Closes #9056

Fix file permissions in new archetype implementation

Closes #9057

Fix the "page picker" logic in --navigateToChanged

Fixes #9051

Add a cross process build lock and use it in the archetype content builder

Fixes #9048

readme: Fix a typo on OpenBSD

deps: github.com/alecthomas/chroma v0.9.2 => v0.9.4

Fixes #8532

Reimplement archetypes

The old implementation had some issues, mostly related to the context (e.g. name, file paths) passed to the template.

This new implementation is using the exact same code path for evaluating the pages as in a regular build.

This also makes it more robust and easier to reason about in a multilingual setup.

Now, if you are explicit about the target path, Hugo will now always pick the correct mount and language:

```bash
hugo new content/en/posts/my-first-post.md
```

Fixes #9032
Fixes #7589
Fixes #9043
Fixes #9046
Fixes #9047

build(deps): bump github.com/tdewolff/minify/v2 from 2.9.21 to 2.9.22

Bumps [github.com/tdewolff/minify/v2](https://github.com/tdewolff/minify) from 2.9.21 to 2.9.22.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/tdewolff/minify/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/tdewolff/minify/compare/v2.9.21...v2.9.22)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/tdewolff/minify/v2
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

deps: Update github.com/evanw/esbuild v0.13.5

releaser: Fix regexp

Original regexp used a char class which caused the regexp to only
check 1 symbol instead of a substring like "See" and "Closes".
So it would match `e #x` instead of `See #x` and many other
weird combinations.

Tests were passing as they never checked against an input that
would confuse that regexp.

Found with go-critic static analyzer, `badRegexp` checker.

build(deps): bump github.com/mattn/go-isatty from 0.0.13 to 0.0.14

Bumps [github.com/mattn/go-isatty](https://github.com/mattn/go-isatty) from 0.0.13 to 0.0.14.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/mattn/go-isatty/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/mattn/go-isatty/compare/v0.0.13...v0.0.14)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/mattn/go-isatty
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

build(deps): bump github.com/getkin/kin-openapi from 0.75.0 to 0.78.0

Bumps [github.com/getkin/kin-openapi](https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi) from 0.75.0 to 0.78.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/compare/v0.75.0...v0.78.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/getkin/kin-openapi
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

releaser: Update to Go go1.17.2

* This now uses the `golang:1.17.2-buster` Docker image which runs GLIBC 2.28-10.
* Also added a build hook to warn us if this happens again in the future.

Fixes #8955

Fix value of useResourceCacheWhen in TestResourceChainPostCSS

Allow multiple plugins in the PostCSS options map

Usage:
{{ $options := dict "use" "autoprefixer postcss-color-alpha" }}
{{ $style := resources.Get "main.css" | resources.PostCSS $options }}

Fixes #9015

docs: Create path.Clean documentation

Related to #9005

Skip a test assertion on CI

Need to investigate later, but got to get the tests green.

tpl/path: Add path.Clean

 Fixes #8885

readme: Remove tracking image

The server for the tracking image for analytics is currently down,
therefore I found it convenient to remove the link in order to maintain our readme

Revert "Remove credit from release notes"

See b2eaf4c8c2e31aa1c1bc4a2c0061f661e01d2de1

Pass minification errors to the user

Previously, *minifyTransformation.Transform suppressed the
error returned by t.m.Minify. This meant that when minification
returned an error, the error would not reach the user. Instead,
minification would silently fail. For example, if a JavaScript
file included a call to the Date constructor with:

new Date(2020, 04, 02)

The package that the minification library uses to parse JS files,
github.com/tdewolff/parse would return an error, since "04" would
be parsed as a legacy octal. However, the JS file would remain
un-minified with no error.

Fixing this is not as simple as replacing "_" with an "err" in
*minifyTransformation.Transform, however (though this is
necessary). If we only returned this error from Transform,
then hugolib.TestResourceMinifyDisabled would fail. Instead of
being a no-op, as TestResourceMinifyDisabled expects, using the
"minify" template function with a "disableXML=true" config
setting instead returns the error, "minifier does not exist for
mimetype."

The "minifier does not exist" error is returned because of the
way minifiers.New works. If the user's config disables
minification for a particular MIME type, minifiers.New does
not add it to the resulting Client's *minify.M. However, this
also means that when the "minify" template function is executed,
 a *resourceAdapter's transformations still add a minification.
When it comes time to call the minify.Minifier for a specific
MIME type via *M.MinifyMimetype, the github.com/tdewolff/minify
library throws the "does not exist" error for the missing MIME
type.

The solution was to change minifiers.New so, instead of skipping
a minifier for each disabled MIME type, it adds  a NoOpMinifier,
which simply copies the source to the destination without
minification. This means that when the "minify" template
function is used for a particular resource, and that resource's
MIME type has minification disabled, minification is genuinely
skipped, and does not result in an error.

In order to add this, I've fixed a possibly unwanted interaction
between minifiers.TestConfigureMinify and
hugolib.TestResourceMinifyDisabled. The latter disables
minification and expects minification to be a no-op. The former
disables minification and expects it to result in an error. The
only reason hugolib.TestResourceMinifyDisabled passes in the
original code is that the "does not exist" error is suppressed.
However, we shouldn't suppress minification errors, since they
can leave users perplexed. I've changed the test assertion in
minifiers.TestConfigureMinify to expect no errors and a no-op
if minification is disabled for a particular MIME type.

Fixes #8954

Clarify "precision" in currency format functions

The documentation of the FormatAccounting and FormatCurrency
functions could be clearer in terms of how the precision param
works. This commit makes it more explicit that adding a precision
of < 2 will not format the return values to include fewer decimals.

Resolves #8858

build(deps): bump github.com/evanw/esbuild from 0.12.24 to 0.12.29

Bumps [github.com/evanw/esbuild](https://github.com/evanw/esbuild) from 0.12.24 to 0.12.29.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/evanw/esbuild/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/evanw/esbuild/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/evanw/esbuild/compare/v0.12.24...v0.12.29)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/evanw/esbuild
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

resources: Use default math/rand.Source for concurrency safety

The source from NewSource is documented not to be safe for
concurrency, and instead use the eefault source which is documented
as safe.

Fixes #8981

commands: Make the error handling for the mod commands more lenient

So it at least is possible to do a `hugo mod clean --all` if the cache is in a funky state.

modules: Add some help text to the 'unknown revision' error

I had a head scratching moment with this myself, so it's safe to say that others will.

See #6825

deps: Update github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.4.0 => v1.4.1

Fixes #8855